Cell Transformation

Cell Transformation Cell transformation is when a cell takes in DNA from the outside of the cell. It then becomes a component of the cell’s DNA. There are three different ways in transforming the cells. There is transforming bacteria, transforming plant cells, and transforming animal cells. The purpose of cell transformation is to introduce a foreign plasmid in order to make large quantities of it. In transforming bacteria, a foreign DNA is first joined to a small circular DNA molecule known as a plasmid .Plasmids are what found inside of the bacteria. Plasmids are important in this process of transformation because it has two essential features. The first is that it has a DNA sequence that helps plasmid replication. Plasmid replication is when genetic elements are in control within the host. The second is that the plasmid has a genetic maker. A genetic maker is a gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry the plasmid. Transforming plant cells are another way of cell transformation. When transforming a plant cell, it uses a process that takes advantage of a bacterium. The bacterium inserts a small DNA plasmid that produces tumors into a plant cell. After this happens, researchers can then can inactivate the tumor and insert a piece of the foreign DNA, into the plasmid. If the transformation is successful, the DNA is put into one of the chromosomes of the cell. Transforming animal cells is the last part in cell transformation. In transforming animal cells is similar in transforming plant cells. Many of the egg cells are large enough that the DNA can already be injected into the nucleus. When it is inside the nucleus, enzymes are then responsible for DNA repair. Then this helps insert foreign DNA into the chromosomes of the injected cell. Overall there are many ways in transforming a cell. Whether it is transforming a bacteria, plant, or animal it is important because this helps by keeping the bacteria alive by using the foreign