Preview

Car Accidents

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
660 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Car Accidents
PAUL L. ZADOR,PH.D., SHEILA A. KRAWCHUK AND ROBERT B. VOAS.M (2000) . Alcohol- Related Relative Risk of Drivers Fatalities and Driver Involvement in Fatal Crashes in Relation to Driver Age and Gender. JORNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL.387-395

Problems that motivated the researchers to do this study: * The number of deadly car accidents in the U.S. caused by drivers under the influence of alcohol has increased in the past decades making alcohol one of the main factors of fatal crashes. * The legal level of BAC (blood alcohol concentration) in the U.S. has changed. 31 states defined level of 0.10% BAC as a crime, while 17 others defined the level of 0.08% BAC as a crime.
Purposes:
* To re-examine and refine estimates for alcohol-related relative risk of driver's involvement in fatal crushes by age, gender as a function of BAC.
*To show that even as level as low as 0.08% BAC can affect a driver's skills and increase the relative risk of a deadly car accident.
Methods:
Two methods used: 1) Data sources- using data, information and surveys that have been published in the past years. Examples:
NHTSA- National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
The National Roadside Survey of Drivers (96 NRS).
FARS-Fatality Analysis Reporting System.
Ministry Of Transportation.

2) Statistical Method: A. Mathematical and statistical calculations were used to estimate and measure the relative risk. B. Researchers divided the "normal driver"- healthy (not disabled) men &women between the ages of 16-34, 35+ into six groups/types of drivers: * Drivers fatally injured in single vehicle crash. * Drivers involved in fatal single vehicle crashes. * Drivers fatally injured in two- vehicle crashes. * Drivers involved in fatal two- vehicle crashes. * Drivers fatally injured in motor-vehicle crashes. * Drivers involved in fatal motor-vehicle crashes.

*all the six groups were classified by gender, age and

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Drivers Ed Essay

    • 1046 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Although the number of deaths caused by drunk driving has shown a slight decrease over the past few years, alcohol still plays a major role in motor vehicle accidents. According to Transport Canada ‘Alcohol use by drivers was a factor in almost 30 percent of deaths from vehicle crashes during 2003-2005’. That may seem like a lot but it is actually a 10 percent decrease from the number of alcohol related fatalities between 1996-2001.…

    • 1046 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    drivers ed essay paper

    • 574 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Drinking and drinving is a very serious issue in the "driving world" Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for U.S. teens.In 2010, 1 to every seven teens ages 16 to 19 died every day from motor vehicle injuries. Per mile driven, teen drivers ages 16 to 19 are three times more likely than drivers aged 20 and older to be in a fatal crash. All of this preventable! In 2010 about 2,700 teens in the United States aged 16–19 were killed and almost 282,000 were treated and released from emergency departments for injuries suffered in motor-vehicle crashes, Wow! In a recent year, people aged 16 to 24 were involved in 28 percent of all alcohol-related driving accidents, although they make up only 14% of the U.S. population.Young people are also over-represented in drinking driver injuries and deaths.Fortunately, driving accidents have been declining among young people, just as they have among the general population. And deaths associated with young drinking drivers (those 16 to 24 years of age) are down dramatically, having dropped 47% in a recent 15-year period.…

    • 574 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Males with an alcohol level of 5-10 are 18 times more likely to get in a car crash women are 54 times more likely.…

    • 440 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Texting and Driving

    • 688 Words
    • 3 Pages

    them and even where their going and how all this distraction is due to cell phone…

    • 688 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Drunk driving can be very deadly. Yet many people drive while under the influence everyday. Drivers who are drunk are blamed for the loss of as many as twentyfive thousand lives in highway crashes…

    • 872 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Best Essays

    Drinking Age Laws

    • 304 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Peter Asch and David T. Levy, "Young Driver Fatalities: The Roles of Drinking Age and Drinking Experience," Southern Economic Journal, Oct. 1990…

    • 304 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the case of alcohol, a drunk driver's level of intoxication is typically determined by a measurement of blood alcohol content or BAC. A BAC measurement in excess of a specific threshold level, such as 0.05% or 0.08%, defines the criminal offense with no need to prove impairment. In some jurisdictions, there is an aggravated category of the offense at a higher BAC level, such as 0.12%. In most countries, anyone who is convicted of injuring or killing someone while under the influence of alcohol or other drugs can be heavily fined in addition to being given a lengthy prison sentence. In the United States, DUI and alcohol-related crashes produce an estimated $45 billion in damages every year.…

    • 1340 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Old People

    • 1432 Words
    • 6 Pages

    a. Older drivers more conservative when driving rarely changing there habits because of factors such as busy highways or nighttime where as other drivers may go another route…

    • 1432 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Best Essays

    Driving Under the Influence

    • 4388 Words
    • 18 Pages

    Daily there are individuals who are occupants of a motor-vehicle where we are the driver or the passenger, however wherever we are seated in the vehicle we must be alert to the continual change around us. The driver, however, is responsible for the safety of the individuals occupying the motor-vehicle. Driving requires a variety of skills, so the driver must be alert and able to react to hazards. The driver must be able to see clearly and be able to judge distances and speed. When there has been consumption of alcohol many of the safe driving skills become impaired and affect the ability for drivers to safely operate a motor-vehicle and increase the chances of a crash.…

    • 4388 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    drinking and driving

    • 530 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Drinking and driving is one of the most common causes of accidents and deaths on the road today. Due to drinking driving acts and incidents many people’s lives have been dramatically altered after either they or their family members have been involved in a drinking and driving accident. Although many countries local authorities are constantly trying to reduce the number of fatal car accidents due to drinking and driving.…

    • 530 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Alcohol is a major factor in nearly 41% of traffic accidents where some one is killed…

    • 701 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Clapp, J., Shillington, A., Voas, R., & Lange, J. (2003). Correlation between modes of drinking and modes of driving as reported by students at two American universities. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 35, 161-166.…

    • 3126 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Driving can be dangerous in the U.S. There are roughly two deaths every thirty-three minutes because of a drunk driving accident. Every 80 seconds, someone is hurt because of this entirely preventable crime (MADD, par. 2). Drunk driving is the United State’s number one highway safety concern (MADD, par. 2). Driving under the influence has an arrest rate of one for every 123 licensed drivers in America. (NHTS) These accidents are much too common. Drivers were intoxicated in 41 percent of all fatal pedestrian crashes according to reports done by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.…

    • 925 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    young driver accident. Identifying the drivers at a greater risk of crashing before it happens is…

    • 389 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Causes of Car Accidents

    • 692 Words
    • 3 Pages

    First reason is drinking and driving which is the leading cause of car accidents. "Over 1.41 million drivers were arrested in 2010 for driving under the influence of alcohol or narcotics", (Federal Bureau of Investigation, “Crime in the United States: 2010”, madd.org). Also,” drunk driving costs the United States $132 billion a year ", (NHTS FARS data, 2012, madd.org). Driving while intoxicated is dangerous, because drinking increases your inhibitions and self-confidence but lowers your driving performance. In other words, alcohol impairs the decision-making ability of the brain. For example, when people get drunk, they do not even think they are drunk. They may feel like they can do anything. But they cannot. Many accidents occur because of drinking. These accidents involve mostly one car, but other people can be killed by drunk drivers. People have to be educated about drinking and driving, so they do not kill themselves or innocent people on the road.…

    • 692 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays