RuKV.ELM2fi V vlu8zH
(W uV4(Tn
7_m-UBww_8(/0hFL)7iAs),Qg20ppf DU4p
MDBJlC5
2FhsFYn3E6945Z5k8Fmw-dznZ xJZp/P,)KQk5qpN8KGbe Sd17 paSR 6Q
You May Also Find These Documents Helpful
-
The process of photosynthesis occurs when six carbon dioxide molecules (CO2), six water molecules (H2O), and light energy are added together and result in glucose (C6H12O6) and six oxygen (O2) molecules. There are two stages to this process; light reactions and dark reactions. Light reactions start with chloroplast which absorbs the light. Inside the chloroplast are thylakoids that contain pigments which absorb certain wavelengths of light. Each cluster of pigments is called a photosystem. Photosystem I and II obtain some of the light’s energy. Light first enters chlorophyll A in photosystem II and the electrons inside become excited enough to leave it. Some of the electrons, which just left, enter a chain of reactions called the electron transport chain and it produces ATP. The electrons that couldn’t fit into the ETC move onto photosystem I. Those electrons then get excited by light energy and enter the ETC where they add a hydrogen atom to NADP to form NADPH.…
- 411 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
1. When organic molecules are joined together and a water molecule is removed, the reaction is called which of the following? A. Dehydration synthesis. B. Hydrogenation. C. Hydrolysis. D. Oxidation. What is a nucleotide composed of? A. Nitrogenous base, 6 carbon sugar and a phosphate group. B. Nitrogenous base, 5 carbon sugar and a phosphorus group. C. Nitrogenous base, 5 carbon sugar and a phosphate group. D. None of the above. Enzymes work as catalysts by doing which of the following? A. Decreasing the activation energy. B. Increasing the activation energy. C. Allostericallly controlling other proteins. D. Bypassing the need for a transition state to occur. Which of the following statements regarding cellular respiration is false? A. Pyruvate oxidation occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. B. Phosphofructokinase is an allosteric enzyme used to control the rate of aerobic respiration. C. 4 molecules of carbon dioxide are produced during the Krebs cycle. D. Substrate-level phosphorylation produces 2 ATP in glycolysis. Ethanol fermentation is the result of anaerobic respiration of what type of organism? A. Yeast. B. Bacteria. C. Plants. D. Animals. How many turns of the Calvin cycle are required to fix enough carbon dioxide to produce one glucose molecule? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 6 Acetyl-CoA is the final product of which stage of cellular respiration? A. Pyruvate oxidation. B. ETC. C. Krebs cycle. D. Glycolysis. Which statement is true regarding C4 photosynthesis? A. It involves the stomata opening at night and closing in the day. B. It occurs in cool, moist environments. C. It uses PEP carboxylase to fix CO2 in the mesophyll cells. D. It occurs in cacti and pineapples. Which statement regarding cellular respiration is false? A. In the last stage of glycolysis, 2 molecules of PEP are converted to 2 molecules of pyruvate. B. In the first stage of glycolysis, ATP phosphorylates glucose to glucose 6-phosphate (G6P). C. 1 ATP is…
- 2404 Words
- 10 Pages
Good Essays -
Photosynthesis is the process of converting solar energy, carbon dioxide (CO2), and water (H2O) into carbohydrates (CH2O) and oxygen (O2). Sometimes the end product of photosynthesis is glucose (C6H12O6). Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Here membranous thylakoids are stacked in grana surrounded by the stroma. During the light reactions, pigments within the thylakoid membranes absorb solar energy, water is split, and oxygen is released. (Mader, 2010)…
- 632 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
Glucose, or any carbon-based molecule, can be burned in oxygen (oxidized) to produce carbon dioxide and water. Combustion reactions release large amounts of energy. However, the energy release is uncontrolled. An organism would not be able to handle all that energy at once to do the work of the cell. Cellular respiration is essentially the same reaction as combustion, but the oxidation of glucose occurs in several controlled steps. The same amount of energy is ultimately released, but it is gradually released in small, controlled amounts. High potential energy molecules of ATP are produced while the carbon atoms are used to form various other molecules of lower potential energy. Each of these steps is catalyzed by an enzyme specific to that step. Model 1 illustrates the ideal circumstances for cellular respiration. In some situations, however, one glucose molecule may not result in 38 ATP molecules being…
- 1212 Words
- 5 Pages
Good Essays -
Purpose: Students will be able to describe photosynthesis and cellular respiration and explain how they are related.…
- 308 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
(Be sure to address the light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. Then for cellular respiration, you are discussing glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, and the electron transport chain.)…
- 441 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
“Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy to chemical energy in the form of sugar and other organic molecules.” (Russell, Wolfe, Hertz, & Starr, 2010). Photosynthesis can be categorized into two main processes: light-dependant reactions and light-independent reactions. For the purpose of this lab, light-dependant reactions will be investigated. The reactants involved in photosynthesis include carbon dioxide, water and sunlight to produce glucose, oxygen, and water. The light reactions involve the capture and use of light energy by pigment molecules to synthesize NADPH and ATP. Plants use this light energy to produce glucose from carbon dioxide. The glucose is stored mainly in the form of starch granules, in the chloroplasts of cells. Glucose in the form of starch is non-polar and is not soluble in water, allowing it to be stored much more compactly. The chloroplast is formed from an outer membrane, an inner membrane, and an intermembrane compartment. The aqueous environment within the inner membrane is called the stroma. Within the stroma is the thylakoids, which are flattened, closed sacs. It is in these sacs that the specific molecules required to carry out the light reactions of photosynthesis are…
- 2815 Words
- 12 Pages
Better Essays -
Cells of all organisms are capable in acquiring the energy necessary to fuel chemical reactions for growth, repair, survival, and reproduction. Photosynthesis & cellular respiration are the main pathways of energy flow in living things. Photosynthesis is a process by which plants and some other organisms convert, light energy from the sun, CO2 from the air & H2O from the earth, into chemical energy stored in molecules like glucose. Cellular respiration is a process in which O2 is delivered to cells in an organism & metabolic process in cells leads to the production of ATP by the breakdown of organic substances. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondrion of the cell and photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast. There are some similarities between the process involved however their products and reactants are the exact opposite.…
- 993 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
In cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are taken into the cells, then they are converted to carbon dioxide, water and ATP energy and some other energy. Some of the ATP energy is used in photosynthesis; a large amount of energy is used up as heat, only a little energy is stored in the cells. The formula of cellular respiration is:…
- 642 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants create food for themselves which occurs in the cytoplast organ of the cell. They absorb carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy to produce glucose and oxygen (Doc C). Cellular respiration on the other hand, is the process occurring in the mitochondria by which organisms create energy to power cellular processes. This process takes in glucose and oxygen to create carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP (Doc C). These processes follow the law of conservation of matter and energy as the amount of products is always equal to the amount of reactants in a chemical equation. So the amount of glucose and oxygen created during photosynthesis is equal to the amount of carbon dioxide and water used and the amount of carbon dioxide and water produced during cellular respiration is equal to the amount of glucose and oxygen used. Many people notice that the products of cellular respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis and the products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration. This is because the two processes work together to provide organisms with food and…
- 784 Words
- 4 Pages
Good Essays -
The metabolic processes of cellular respiration and photosynthesis recycle oxygen, as it is a reactant in respiration and a product in photosynthesis. Oxygen is used as the last receptor in the Electron Transport Chain, when the hydrogen ions from the NADH bind to the oxygen forming water (Freeman, 2002). The water enters the light reaction which then gets oxidized into oxygen. The light reactions undergo a process called photolysis, the splitting apart of water by light, which produces oxygen, hydrogen, and electrons.…
- 507 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
In Photosynthesis, plants use the sun's energy as light to transform carbon dioxide and water into glucose. In cellular respiration, glucose is ultimately broken down to yield carbon dioxide and water, and the energy from this process is stored as ATP molecules. The equation for photosynthesis is:…
- 324 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
In photosynthesis, light energy is transformed into chemical energy, thus chemical energy is the product. This is different from respiration because respiration transforms chemical energy into energy usable by cells; in this case chemical energy is the source. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts, using the chlorophyll inside of the chloroplasts, while respiration occurs in the mitochondria. Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a by-product, while aerobic respiration requires oxygen to even work. Photosynthesis produces NADPH2 in its workings, while aerobic respiration produces NADH+. Photosynthesis includes two processes, light reactions and dark reactions (Calvin Cycle). Aerobic respiration involves glycolysis, the Kreb's Cycle. The only process they have in common is the electron transport chain, which involves different molecules and transfers in aerobic respiration and photosynthesis.…
- 287 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
Cellular respiration is an ATP-producing catabolic process in which the electron receiver is an inorganic molecule. It is the release of energy from organic compounds by chemical oxidation in the mitochondria within each cell. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats can all be metabolized, but cellular respiration usually involves glucose: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 686 Kcal of energy/mole of glucose oxidized. Cellular respiration involves glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis is a catabolic pathway that occurs in the cytosol and partially oxidizes glucose into two pyruvate (3-C). The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria and breaks down a pyruvate (Acetyl-CoA) into carbon dioxide. These two cycles both produce a small amount of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation and NADH by transferring electrons from substrate to NAD+. The Krebs cycle also produces FADH2 by transferring electrons to FAD. The electron transport chain is located at the inner membrane of the mitochondria and accepts energized electrons from enzymes that are collected during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, and…
- 1687 Words
- 7 Pages
Powerful Essays -
Cellular respiration includes the processes of glycolysis, krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis is used to convert glucose to produce two pyruvate as well as 4 ATP’s and 2 NADH but uses 2 ATP to have a net product of 2 ATP and 2 NADH. The krebs cycle converts pyruvate to Acetyl CoA, which produces 2 ATP,8 NADH, and 2 FADH’s per glucose molecule. Electron transport Chain is the last and most important step of cellular respiration, it makes ATP with the movement of electrons from high energy to low energy that makes a proton gradient which makes ATP, this cannot occur unless oxygen is present. Fermentation is an anaerobic process in which converts sugars into acids, alcohol, or alcohol. This process occurs in yeast and bacteria as well as muscle cells that have no oxygen left. In yeast fermentation produces ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide from glucose and fructose. Fermentation in bacteria cells the process of fermentation produces ethanol, while in human muscle cells fermentation produces lactic acid in cells that have a short…
- 1719 Words
- 7 Pages
Better Essays