BIOSPHERE
BIOSPHERE
- region which is covered with life
- the highest level of organization in the natural world
3 Components
1. Hydrosphere- water which includes water from seas, oceans, rivers, lakes, moisture in soil, groundwater and frozen water in polar ice caps plus moisture in the air
2. Atmosphere- gases
3. Lithosphere- land portion of the earth, made up of solid rocks and soils
PHYSIOGNOMY
OBSERVATIONS OF EARLY NATURALIST EXPLORERS
1. Plant communities from different regions of the world were often very different in appearance.
2. Regions with similar plant communities have similar climates.
J.F. Shouw, A. de Candolle and A.F.W. Schimper- correlated the distribution of vegetation to climate because of the above observations.
- they noted that the world could be divided into zones that represent broad categories of vegetation. These categories are defined on the basis of having similar physical appearance or physiognomy. This can be result of temperature and availability of water according to Candolle.
PHYSIOGNOMY
- overall appearance of vegetation
Considerations: growth form Function Size Coverage Leaf size and shape Leaf texture
TYPES OF PHYSIOGNOMY
1. FORESTS- dominated by trees that form a closed canopy
2. GRASSLANDS- dominated by grass and herbaceous plants. Trees can either be far apart or absent
3. THICKETS- tall shrubs or small trees are dominant
4. DESERTS- very few plants rocks, and soil are more dominant
Later on, animal life and their distribution was also correlated with climate, giving rise to the field of BIOGEOGRAPHY.
BIOGEOGRAPHY
- the study of spatial distribution of species both past and present.
1939- FREDERIC CLEMENTS AND VICTOR SHELFORD introduced an approach that will combine plant and animal distribution in one classification system. They called these biotic components as BIOMES. It is important because it was able to illustrate the dependence of animals on plants.
Why are there consistent
- region which is covered with life
- the highest level of organization in the natural world
3 Components
1. Hydrosphere- water which includes water from seas, oceans, rivers, lakes, moisture in soil, groundwater and frozen water in polar ice caps plus moisture in the air
2. Atmosphere- gases
3. Lithosphere- land portion of the earth, made up of solid rocks and soils
PHYSIOGNOMY
OBSERVATIONS OF EARLY NATURALIST EXPLORERS
1. Plant communities from different regions of the world were often very different in appearance.
2. Regions with similar plant communities have similar climates.
J.F. Shouw, A. de Candolle and A.F.W. Schimper- correlated the distribution of vegetation to climate because of the above observations.
- they noted that the world could be divided into zones that represent broad categories of vegetation. These categories are defined on the basis of having similar physical appearance or physiognomy. This can be result of temperature and availability of water according to Candolle.
PHYSIOGNOMY
- overall appearance of vegetation
Considerations: growth form Function Size Coverage Leaf size and shape Leaf texture
TYPES OF PHYSIOGNOMY
1. FORESTS- dominated by trees that form a closed canopy
2. GRASSLANDS- dominated by grass and herbaceous plants. Trees can either be far apart or absent
3. THICKETS- tall shrubs or small trees are dominant
4. DESERTS- very few plants rocks, and soil are more dominant
Later on, animal life and their distribution was also correlated with climate, giving rise to the field of BIOGEOGRAPHY.
BIOGEOGRAPHY
- the study of spatial distribution of species both past and present.
1939- FREDERIC CLEMENTS AND VICTOR SHELFORD introduced an approach that will combine plant and animal distribution in one classification system. They called these biotic components as BIOMES. It is important because it was able to illustrate the dependence of animals on plants.
Why are there consistent