Biology Unit 3

1. Explain how photosynthesis and respiration are linked in order to provide you with energy from the food you eat. To start off with we will need to define photosynthesis and respiration. Photosynthesis is a process in which carbon dioxide, water, and certain inorganic salts are converted into carbohydrates by green plants, algae and certain bacteria using energy from the sun and chlorophyll (dictionary.com). Respiration is all of the physical and chemical processes in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues, cells and the oxidation products carbon dioxide and water given off (dictionary.com). Aerobic respiration is a cellular respiration that requires oxygen too and order to help generate energy. The two processes which are photosynthesis and respiration are links plants and animals in different ways. Photosynthesis links the two through air. The reason being is because of the oxygen that is link out is use by the plants and animals to make respiration. The respiration than makes glucose which is used to help energy be reserved for period of darkness and to help and the structure of plants. When glucose comes about that is how sugar gets transferred into the human body.
2. In the absence of oxygen some cells and organisms can use glycolysis coupled to fermentation to produce energy from the sugar created by photosynthesis. The reason why many cells and organisms do this is because they may not be able to produce everything that they need too. When this happens the cells goes through a process called fermentation. This process helps with the production of many chemicals that a body needs to survive with. Fermentation is a metabolic process converting sugar to acids, gases and/or alcohol using yeast or bacteria. Also fermentation is the absence of the electron transport chain and takes a reduced carbon source, such as glucose, and makes products like lactic acid or acetate. Furthermore no oxidative photosynthesis is used, only substrate level