Bio Gas Project Report

Community biogas plants: IEI’s Rural Electricity and Water Supply Utility (REWSU) project with special reference to the utility at Mavinakere
(Arsikere taluk, Hassan district, Karnataka)

September 2003

Prepared by K.V.Narasimha Murthy, Chandru B.T. and Antonette D’Sa

International Energy Initiative

25/5 Borebank Road, Benson Town, Bangalore 560 046 E-mail: [e-mail]

Contents
List of tables List of figures List of annexures 1. Background 2. IEI’s REWSU Project 2.1. Status of REWSUs assessed during October/November 2000 2.2. Reasons for non-operation 2.3. Continuation of operation 3. Case study of Mavinakere village 3.1. Socio-economic statistics 3.2. Household energy and water requirements 3.2.1. Household energy needs 3.2.2. Water required for domestic/irrigation purposes 3.3. Performance of the biogas-based water supply utility 3.3.1. Qualitative factors 3.3.2. Quantitative factors 3.3.3. Comparison of life-cycle costs 4. Further scope 5. Lessons learnt Annexures References

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Tables and figures pertaining to the case-study on Mavinakere List of tables: Table 1: Educational levels in the village Table 2: Land holding pattern Table 3: Livestock ownership pattern Table 4: Electricity connections Table 5: Census of household electrical appliances Table 6: Average monthly electricity bills for domestic connections Table 7: Crops cultivated (2002) Table 8: Operation of the plant (between December 1997 and May 2003) Table 9: Average fuel consumption of the biogas-diesel engine (January to December 2002) Table 10: Reasons for non-operation and diesel-mode operation of the system 12 Table 11: Component-costs of the biogas-diesel plant @ 2003 prices List of figures: Figure 1: Operations during the year 2002 Figure 2: Daily dung collection for the year 2002 Figure 3: Fuel supply during the year 2002 Figure 4: Operating expenses for the year 2002 Figure 5: Tariff

References: 34 As per the lessons detailed in Section 5, there are other criteria that should have been included. 31 International Energy Initiative, Bangalore Bahadur, S. and Agarwal, S.C., 1980. Community Biogas Plant at Fateh Singh ka Purwa – An Evaluation, Planning Research and Action Division, State Planning Institute, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh, India). Bhat, P.R., Chanakya, H.N., and Ravindranath, N.H., 2001. “Biogas plant dissemination: success story of Sirsi, India”, Energy for Sustainable Development, V (1), pp.39-46. Bhushan, Chandra, 2003. “Resource Use Challenges – Free Flow” Down to Earth, 15th June 2003, pp.28-29. Census of India, 2001. Houses, household amenities and assets: India, States and Union Territories – 2001 Census, Office of the Registrar General, Census of India, Government of India, available at www.censusindia.net/2001housing/housing_tables_main.html D’Silva, E., 2003. “Pongamia power – enables Adilabad villagers to export carbon credits to Germany”, Down to Earth, 15th July 2003, pp.55. DST (Department of Science and Technology, Government of India), 1979. All-India Coordinated Project on Biogas Technology and Utilisation – Progress Report, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. Dutta, S., Rehman, I.H., Malhotra, P., Venkata Ramana, P., 1997. Biogas: The Indian NGO Experience, AFPRO-CHF (Action for Food Production, Canadian Hunger Foundation) Network Programme, Tata Energy Research Institute (TERI), New Delhi IARI (Indian Agricultural Research Institute), 1980. Biogas Research at IARI: Status Report, compiled by T.D.Biswas and P.K.Chhonkar, Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, September. IEI (International Energy Initiative), 1993. Replication of Rural Energy and Water Supply Utilities (REWSUs): Implementation Package and Proposal for 100 REWSUs, International Energy Initiative, Bangalore, December. IEI (International Energy Initiative), 1998. Final Report to the Rockefeller Foundation on Phase I Implementation of Rural Energy and Water Supply Utilities (REWSUs), International Energy Initiative, Bangalore, July. IEI (International Energy Initiative), 2002. Note on linking a dairy scheme to the existing biogas-fuelled village water supply system, International Energy Initiative, Bangalore, September. IEI (International Energy Initiative), 2003. Analysis of the energy requirements of a village – based on a household survey of Mavinakere village (in progress) 32 International Energy Initiative, Bangalore KSCST (Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology), 1987. Annual Report 1986-87, Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology. PR&AD-UP, 1980. Evaluation of India’s First Community Biogas Plant at FatehSingh-Ka-Purwa, Etawah, Planning Research and Action Division (PR&AD), State Planning Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (UP). Reddy, A.K.N., and Balachandra, P., 1990. “The economics of electricity generation from the Pura community biogas system”, Chapter 7 in Power Generation through Renewable Sources of Energy (Eds.) B.R.Pai and M.S.Rama Prasad, Tata McGrawHill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, pp. 66-75. Rajabapaiah, P., Jayakumar, S. and Reddy, A.K.N., 1993. “Biogas Electricity – The Pura village case study”, in Renewable energy: Sources for fuels and electricity, (Eds.) T.B. Johansson, H. Kelly, A.K.N. Reddy, and R.H.Williams, Island Press, Washington, D.C., pp. 787-815. Somashekhar, H.I., Dasappa, S., and Ravindranath, N.H., 2000. “Rural bioenergy centres based on biomass gasifiers for decentralized power generation: case study of two villages in southern India”, Energy for Sustainable Development, IV (3), pp.5563. 33 International Energy Initiative, Bangalore