Bhutanese Refugee in Nepal: Problems and Challenges
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
LETTER OF RECOMENDITION
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 General background I
1.2 Statement of the Problem I
1.3 Objective of the Study II
1.4 Significance of the Study II
1.5 Literature Review II
1.6 Limitation of the Study II
1.7 Research Methodology III
1.8 Organization of the study III
Chapter 2: History survey of Bhutanese Refugee problem
2.1 Emergence of Bhutanese problem
2.1.1 Policy of Citizenship and Nationality
(A) Process of Granting Citizenship Certificate Before 1988
(B) Policy of Implementation of 1985 Citizenship Act
2.1.2 Policies of “Driglam Namzha”
2.1.3 Dress Policy
2.1.4 Language Policy
2.1.5 Forceful Implementation of Marriage Act
2.1.6 The policy of Green Belt
2.1.7 Taxation and Force Labor
2.1.8 Mass Demonstration and Protest against RGOB
Chapter 3: Bilateral Negotiation to solve the Bhutanese Refugee Problem
3.1 Prologue
3.2 Bilateral Negotiations
Chapter 4: Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
4.1 Findings
4.2 Conclusions
4.3 Recommendations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
I. Map of Bhutan and its Neighbors
II. Map showing Refugee affected area of Nepal
III. Profile of Bhutan
Chapter - One
Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal:
Problems and Challenges
1. General Background:
Refugee problem is seen as a world wide problem in 21st century. Due to various reasons (civil war, growing population, natural disaster, migration etc.) this kind of problem has been arising. At first it is important to know who refugees are. The issue of refugee and asylum is not new. Refugee phenomenon is old as the concept of nation-state itself. Territorial integrity and sovereignty are basic region responsible for the creation of refugees. Conflicts and tensions within a state and between or among the states give rise to the creation of refugees. Oxford dictionary defines the term refugee as:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
LETTER OF RECOMENDITION
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 General background I
1.2 Statement of the Problem I
1.3 Objective of the Study II
1.4 Significance of the Study II
1.5 Literature Review II
1.6 Limitation of the Study II
1.7 Research Methodology III
1.8 Organization of the study III
Chapter 2: History survey of Bhutanese Refugee problem
2.1 Emergence of Bhutanese problem
2.1.1 Policy of Citizenship and Nationality
(A) Process of Granting Citizenship Certificate Before 1988
(B) Policy of Implementation of 1985 Citizenship Act
2.1.2 Policies of “Driglam Namzha”
2.1.3 Dress Policy
2.1.4 Language Policy
2.1.5 Forceful Implementation of Marriage Act
2.1.6 The policy of Green Belt
2.1.7 Taxation and Force Labor
2.1.8 Mass Demonstration and Protest against RGOB
Chapter 3: Bilateral Negotiation to solve the Bhutanese Refugee Problem
3.1 Prologue
3.2 Bilateral Negotiations
Chapter 4: Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
4.1 Findings
4.2 Conclusions
4.3 Recommendations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
I. Map of Bhutan and its Neighbors
II. Map showing Refugee affected area of Nepal
III. Profile of Bhutan
Chapter - One
Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal:
Problems and Challenges
1. General Background:
Refugee problem is seen as a world wide problem in 21st century. Due to various reasons (civil war, growing population, natural disaster, migration etc.) this kind of problem has been arising. At first it is important to know who refugees are. The issue of refugee and asylum is not new. Refugee phenomenon is old as the concept of nation-state itself. Territorial integrity and sovereignty are basic region responsible for the creation of refugees. Conflicts and tensions within a state and between or among the states give rise to the creation of refugees. Oxford dictionary defines the term refugee as:
Bibliography: 2. The English Encyclopedia Britannica, Volume 9, Encyclopedia Brittannica Inc., 15th Edition (Chicago: 1993), p.998. 3. S. D. Muni and Lok Raj Baral , eds. Refugee and Regional Security in South Asia (New Delhi: Konark Publishers Pvt.Ltd., 1996) , p.1-2 The convention has been highly guided by the UN Charter and Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 2. Statement of the problem The Kingdom of Bhutan and Nepal had excellent traditional ties in the past and the same was strengthened mainly when both the nations established diplomatic relations on June 03, 1983 8. The Cartegena Declaration on Refugee, 1984, Article III (3) and nineties the relation did not remain good as before due to mass exodus of refugee from Bhutan