Basic Electronics

1
IDENTIFICATION OF BASIC ELECTRONIC COMPONETS THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS & TESTING
1.0.0 INTRODUCTION
An electronic circuit is composed of various types of components. Some of these
components are termed as active components because they take part in the
transformation of the energy while other components, which only dissipate or store
energy, are called as passive elements. The vacuum tubes, rectifier, transistors are
some of-the common active while the resistances, which dissipate the power and
energy storing elements such as capacitances and inductances are known as
passive elements. The transformers may be regarded as a matching device. The
success of any electronic circuit depends not only on proper selection of the active
elements but on the passive and matching elements too. The proper function, of an
active device is decided by the proper values of these passive elements. Hence the
selection of these elements such as resistances, inductances, capacitance, and
transformers not only require the proper attention, but also decide the proper
function of the active devices as well as the circuit as a whole.
Here we shall discuss about some important electronic components and their
characteristics, particularly used in Biomedical instruments.
1.1.0 ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS :
These can be classified into
1.1.1 Passive Components : Components like resistance, capacitance
inductance, and fall in this class.
1.1.2 Active Components : They can be further classified as
Semiconductor Devices : Semiconductor diode, zener diode, and varactor diode etc.
Uni-junction transistor, Bipolar junction transistor (BJT), FET, silicon, Controlled
rectifier etc.
Vacuum Tube Devices : Vacuum tube diode, triode, Tetrode, Pentode, Hexode,
Heptode etc.
Gas Tube Devices : Gas diodes, Thyratons etc.
Photo Sensitivity Devices : Gas photodiodes, photo multiplier tubes, photodiodes,
light emitting diode, photosensitive transistor etc.
Though there are devices, which... [continues]

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