Ap Outlines Duh.

Chapter 4
Classical Civilization in the Mediterranean: Greece and Rome

I. Introduction
A. Mediterranean culture
1. Greece slowed Persian empire, set up a few colonies, but…
2. Rome known for empire
3. New institutions/values that would remain in western culture
4. “our own” Classical past
a. U.S. Constitution
b. buildings in the U.S.
c. founders of the philosophical tradition
d. Socratic method
B. Greco-Roman history
1. more dynamic, but less successful
* We can clearly recognize the connections and our own debt without adhering to the notion that the Mediterranean world somehow dominated the classical period.
2. Complicated – passed through two centers
a. Rome preserved many of Greek achievements
C. Rome vs. Greece
1. Mighty empire vs. inept/Greek city-states
2. Mastered engineering vs. scientific thought
3. western Europe – Greco Roman vs. Eastern Europe – Greek influence
4. Shared
a. political ideas
b. common religion
c. artistic styles
d. economic structures

II. The Persian Tradition
A. 550 BCE Cyrus the Great – massive Persian Empire across Middle East
1. Tolerant of local customs
2. Advanced iron technology
3. Zoroastrianism
4. artistic lifestyle
5. Conquered by Alexander the Great
6. Persian language and culture survived into the 20th century

III. Patters of Greek and Roman History
A. Greece
1. Crete – showed Egyptian influence by 2000
a. Monumental architecture
2. 1400 Mycenae – kingdom Trojan War
a. Indo-Europeans destroyed until 800 – Dark Ages
3. Rise from 800-600 strong city-states
a. tyrant or aristocratic council
b. divided by mountains
1. unified government difficult
2. trade developed
c. written language came from Phoenician alphabet
d. regular celebrations
1. athletic competitions – Olympic games
e. Sparta/Athens rose to the top
1. Sparta – military tradition dominated slves
2.... [continues]

Read full essay