anatomy
ANATOMY CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM TEST REVIEW
LeGrotte 2014
1. Which wall of the heart is thickest and why?
The myocardium (cardiac muscle), is the thickest section of the heart wall and contains cardiomyocytes, the contractile cell of the heart.
2. What part of the heart is the pacemaker and why?
The SA Node is located in the right atrium of the heart. It is made up of a group of cells (myocytes) positioned on the wall of the right atrium, at the center of the heart and near the entrance of the superior vena cava. The sinoatrial node coordinates beating of all four chambers of the heart. It stands to reason that this coordination would begin in the first chamber involved and travel to the rest in sequence.
3. Where is the SA node located?
Wall of right atrium, near entrance of the superior vena cava.
4. List the blood types, their antigens and antibodies.
BT O: antigens none, antibodies A and B
BT A: antigen A, antibody B
BT B: antigen B, antibody A
BT AB: antigen AB, antibodies none
5. Define systolic and diastolic. (ventricular diastole, atrial systole etc.)
Ventricular diastole is the period during which the ventricles are relaxing, while atrial diastole is the period during which the atria are relaxing.
Atrial systole represents the contraction of myocardium of the left and right atria. Atrial systole occurs late in ventricular diastole. One force driving blood from the atria to the ventricles is the decrease in ventricular pressure that occurs during ventricular diastole. Ventricular systole is contraction of ventricles.
6. When taking blood pressure which of the two is the top number and which is the bottom number?
A person's blood pressure is usually expressed in terms of the systolic pressure over diastolic pressure and is measured in millimetres of mercury (mm Hg), for example 120/80.
7. List the path of blood through the heart. Which side is oxygenated and deoxygenated?
Pathway of blood through the heart
1. Blood enters the right
LeGrotte 2014
1. Which wall of the heart is thickest and why?
The myocardium (cardiac muscle), is the thickest section of the heart wall and contains cardiomyocytes, the contractile cell of the heart.
2. What part of the heart is the pacemaker and why?
The SA Node is located in the right atrium of the heart. It is made up of a group of cells (myocytes) positioned on the wall of the right atrium, at the center of the heart and near the entrance of the superior vena cava. The sinoatrial node coordinates beating of all four chambers of the heart. It stands to reason that this coordination would begin in the first chamber involved and travel to the rest in sequence.
3. Where is the SA node located?
Wall of right atrium, near entrance of the superior vena cava.
4. List the blood types, their antigens and antibodies.
BT O: antigens none, antibodies A and B
BT A: antigen A, antibody B
BT B: antigen B, antibody A
BT AB: antigen AB, antibodies none
5. Define systolic and diastolic. (ventricular diastole, atrial systole etc.)
Ventricular diastole is the period during which the ventricles are relaxing, while atrial diastole is the period during which the atria are relaxing.
Atrial systole represents the contraction of myocardium of the left and right atria. Atrial systole occurs late in ventricular diastole. One force driving blood from the atria to the ventricles is the decrease in ventricular pressure that occurs during ventricular diastole. Ventricular systole is contraction of ventricles.
6. When taking blood pressure which of the two is the top number and which is the bottom number?
A person's blood pressure is usually expressed in terms of the systolic pressure over diastolic pressure and is measured in millimetres of mercury (mm Hg), for example 120/80.
7. List the path of blood through the heart. Which side is oxygenated and deoxygenated?
Pathway of blood through the heart
1. Blood enters the right