Analyzing Piaget's Psychosocial Stages

1. List and define each of Piaget's developmental stages. According to Harwell & Walters (2016) Piaget has four developmental stages. The stages are sensorimotor, the preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. Sensorimotor is the first stage which is infancy - birth to approximately age two. The infant is concerned with elementary sensory which is observation and motor involving activities (p.32). Additionally, the infant's use of symbol to represent an object is also used at this stage. Cook (2005) also outlines that at this stage infants understand the world only through their sensory input (see, smell, taste, touch, and hear) and through their physical or motor action (sucking, reaching, and grasping). They lack
People primarily understand the world through abstract thinking. They are now able to solve hypothetical and verbal problems. For the problem to be solved the person does not require the object or problem to be physically present or concretely represented. Furthermore, they are able to distinguish concurrently other points of view, understand that everything is not black and white, mentally reflect and understand cause and effect of relationships that concerns facts. The "cognitive development reaches its fullest potential" (Cooks, 2005, p.5-19).
2. List and define each of Erikson's Psychosocial stages.
Erikson's Psychosocial theory has eight distinct stages: According to Fleming (2004) Erik Erikson (1982) developed the eight human developmental stage. At each stage there is a crisis, as follows: trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, initiative vs. guilt, industry vs. inferiority, identity vs. identity confusion, intimacy vs. isolation, generativity vs. stagnation, and ego integrity vs. despair. Each crisis presented challenges to one's individual identity. Stage Infancy - 0 to 2 years. The crisis at this stage is 'Trust vs. Mistrust'.
The child has to experience both trust and mistrust in order to come to a proper resolution. The child who trusts too much (is overindulged) becomes passive and dependent, whereas the child who mistrusts becomes
When I decided to pursue a first degree, I thought it was going to be a challenge, since the program took four years to complete. If I had allowed the length of time it would take to complete the degree prevent me from pursuing the program, I would not be at OASIS today doing the Masters in Family Life Education and possibly the Doctoral program. I went from not having a first degree to pursuing a second degree.
5. What is behaviorism? Behaviorism is a theory of animal and human learning that focuses on objectively observable behaviors (measured responses to stimuli) and disregards conscious experience and mental processes, such as emotions or motives. Graham (2015) identified three types of behaviorism: Methodological behaviorism is a normative theory about the scientific conduct of psychology which emphasizes that psychology should focus on the behavior of organisms both human and nonhuman animals. Secondly, psychological behaviorism is a research program within psychology. It's focus is to explain human and animal behavior in terms of external physical stimuli, responses, learning histories and reinforcements. Ivan Pavlov (1849–1936), Edward Thorndike (1874–1949), as well as Watson and B. F. Skinner's were proponents of psychological