Adsorption by Powder
Adsorption by Powders and Porous Solids
Principles, Methodology and Applications
Frangoise Rwqu~ra& Rouquerol and 'lean Hennet%Sing
Centre de Therrnodynamique et de Microcalorimktrie du CNRS and Universite ' de Provence, 26 rue du l4lLme RIA 13003 Marseille France
ACADEMIC PRESS
San Diego London Boston New York Sydney Tokyo Toronto
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Copyright Q 1999 by Academic Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN 0-12-598920-2
ACADEMIC PRESS 24-28 Oval Road, London NWl7DX. UK http:l/w ww.hbuk.co.uWap/ ACADEMIC PRESS a division of H m u r t Brace & Company 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101, USA http:l/www .apnet.com Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 98-86248 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Typeset by Mathematical Composition Setters Ltd, Salisbury, Wiltshin Printed in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall
Contents
Preface xiii List of Main Symbols xv Chapter 1. Introduction
1
1.1. Importance of adsorption 1 1.2. Historical aspects 2 1.3. General definitions and terminology 6 1.4. Physisorption and chemisorption 10 1.5. Adsorption interactions 10 1.6. Mobility of adsorbed molecules 12 1.7. Energetics of physisorption 14 1.8. Types of adsorption isotherms 18 1.8.1. Physisorption of gases 18 1.8.2. Chemisorption of gases 20 1.8.3. Adsorptionfrom solution 21 1.9. Molecular modelling of adsorption 2 1 1.9.1. Intermolecular potential functions 22 1.9.2. Molecular simulation 23 Monte Carlo (MC) simulation 23 Molecular dynamics (MD) 23 1.9.3. Density functional theory (DFT) 23 References 25
Chapter 2. Thermodynamics of Adsorption at the Gas-Solid Interface
2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4.
Introduction 27
Principles, Methodology and Applications
Frangoise Rwqu~ra& Rouquerol and 'lean Hennet%Sing
Centre de Therrnodynamique et de Microcalorimktrie du CNRS and Universite ' de Provence, 26 rue du l4lLme RIA 13003 Marseille France
ACADEMIC PRESS
San Diego London Boston New York Sydney Tokyo Toronto
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Copyright Q 1999 by Academic Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN 0-12-598920-2
ACADEMIC PRESS 24-28 Oval Road, London NWl7DX. UK http:l/w ww.hbuk.co.uWap/ ACADEMIC PRESS a division of H m u r t Brace & Company 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101, USA http:l/www .apnet.com Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 98-86248 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Typeset by Mathematical Composition Setters Ltd, Salisbury, Wiltshin Printed in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall
Contents
Preface xiii List of Main Symbols xv Chapter 1. Introduction
1
1.1. Importance of adsorption 1 1.2. Historical aspects 2 1.3. General definitions and terminology 6 1.4. Physisorption and chemisorption 10 1.5. Adsorption interactions 10 1.6. Mobility of adsorbed molecules 12 1.7. Energetics of physisorption 14 1.8. Types of adsorption isotherms 18 1.8.1. Physisorption of gases 18 1.8.2. Chemisorption of gases 20 1.8.3. Adsorptionfrom solution 21 1.9. Molecular modelling of adsorption 2 1 1.9.1. Intermolecular potential functions 22 1.9.2. Molecular simulation 23 Monte Carlo (MC) simulation 23 Molecular dynamics (MD) 23 1.9.3. Density functional theory (DFT) 23 References 25
Chapter 2. Thermodynamics of Adsorption at the Gas-Solid Interface
2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4.
Introduction 27
References: ' (Zhuravlev and Kiselev, 1970) Figure 10.12. Differential enthalpies of adsorption of argon and nitrogen on a mesoporous silical gel: effect of outgassing at different temperatures (Rouqueml er al., 1979b).