ACL Restoration Summary

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

ACL RECONSTRUCTION SURGERY

Table of Contents Problem Statement 3 1. Solid Works Femur & Tibia CADs 4 Figure 1: Normal Human Femur Bone Solidworks 3D CAD 4 Figure 2: Normal Human Tibia Bone Solidworks 3D CAD 4
2. Tendons Natural Insertion to the Bone………………………………………………………………………………5
Figure 3: Natural Position of the ACL in an intact knee………………………………………………………………5 3. ACL Reconstruction Surgical Technique 6 What Is The Anterior Cruciate Ligament? 6 Understanding The Knee 7 Ligaments 8 Surgery For ACL Tears 9 Preparing For Surgery 10 How Is The ACL Repaired? 10
4. Optimum Angle to Minimize Stress…………………………………………………………………………………15
Figure 4: ACL Natural Insertion vs. Optimum Surgery
This type of ACL replacement uses the middle third of the person's own patella tendon and is referred to as a bone-tendon-bone (BTB) graft.
In this particular technique, * Two tiny incisions for arthroscopic instruments are usually placed on either side of the patellar tendon. * A one- to two-inch incision is made over the patellar tendon on the front of the knee and the tendon is exposed. The middle one-third of the patellar tendon is carefully removed, together with two bits of bone on either end (hence it is called a 'bone-tendon-bone graft'). * Two small tunnels are then drilled into the bones on either side of the joint, in the area where the torn ACL normally attaches to the bone, to allow for fixation of the new ligament. * The patellar tendon graft is then passed into the joint, placed in a position similar to the original ACL, with the bone pieces at each the end of the graft fitting nicely into the tunnels that have been drilled in the bone. * The new ACL is then secured with a specialized headless screw in each