Vital Signs
A bsence of menses (amenorrhea)
N o appetite (but with preoccupation with food)
O bvious weight loss (15% loss of IBW)
R educing ideation (If only I could lose more weight I'd be happy)
E maciated
X erostomia (dryness of the mouth)
I mage (Body Image Disturbance - claims to feel fat even when extremely thin)
A bnormal hair growth (lanugo or fine downy hair
Blood pressure: 90/60 mm/Hg to 120/80 mm/Hg
Breathing: 12 - 18 breaths per minute
Pulse: 60 - 100 beats per minute
Temperature: 97.8 - 99.1 degrees Fahrenheit / average 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit
D: Drugs and alcohol—including over-the-counter drugs
E: Eyes and ears—disorientation due to visual/auditory distortion
M: Medical disorders—e.g., diabetes, hypothyroidism
E: Emotional and psychological disturbances—e.g., mood or paranoid disorders
N: Neurological disorders—e.g., multiinfarct dementia
T: Tumors and trauma
I: Infections—e.g., urinary tract or upper respiratory tract
A: Arteriosclerosis—leading to heart failure, insufficient blood supply to heart and brain, and confusion
Hypernatremia:
Think of “SALT”
-Skin flushed
-Agitation
-Low-grade fever
-Thirst
Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs; Tetany, irritability, and seizures:
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Electrolyte imbalances which can potentiate dig toxicity:
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypercalcemia
Electrolyte imbalances which can cause dysrhythmias:
Hypo/ hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Both HYPO and HYPER natremia can cause mental confusion, seizures, and coma
Both HYPO and HYPER kalemia can cause cardiac dysrhythmias progressing to ventricular fibrillation and asystole. Think "cardiac" with both. Hyperkalemia is the most deadly of all electrolyte imbalances.
Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs; Tetany, irritability, and seizures:
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Electrolyte imbalances which can potentiate dig toxicity:
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypercalcemia
N o appetite (but with preoccupation with food)
O bvious weight loss (15% loss of IBW)
R educing ideation (If only I could lose more weight I'd be happy)
E maciated
X erostomia (dryness of the mouth)
I mage (Body Image Disturbance - claims to feel fat even when extremely thin)
A bnormal hair growth (lanugo or fine downy hair
Blood pressure: 90/60 mm/Hg to 120/80 mm/Hg
Breathing: 12 - 18 breaths per minute
Pulse: 60 - 100 beats per minute
Temperature: 97.8 - 99.1 degrees Fahrenheit / average 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit
D: Drugs and alcohol—including over-the-counter drugs
E: Eyes and ears—disorientation due to visual/auditory distortion
M: Medical disorders—e.g., diabetes, hypothyroidism
E: Emotional and psychological disturbances—e.g., mood or paranoid disorders
N: Neurological disorders—e.g., multiinfarct dementia
T: Tumors and trauma
I: Infections—e.g., urinary tract or upper respiratory tract
A: Arteriosclerosis—leading to heart failure, insufficient blood supply to heart and brain, and confusion
Hypernatremia:
Think of “SALT”
-Skin flushed
-Agitation
-Low-grade fever
-Thirst
Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs; Tetany, irritability, and seizures:
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Electrolyte imbalances which can potentiate dig toxicity:
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypercalcemia
Electrolyte imbalances which can cause dysrhythmias:
Hypo/ hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Both HYPO and HYPER natremia can cause mental confusion, seizures, and coma
Both HYPO and HYPER kalemia can cause cardiac dysrhythmias progressing to ventricular fibrillation and asystole. Think "cardiac" with both. Hyperkalemia is the most deadly of all electrolyte imbalances.
Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs; Tetany, irritability, and seizures:
Hypocalcemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Electrolyte imbalances which can potentiate dig toxicity:
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypercalcemia