Unit 2 study guide
1. Review the anatomy of the brain. Which portion is responsible for keeping you awake, controlling thought, speech, emotions and behavior, maintaining balance and posture?
Emotions and behavior are controlled by the hypothalamus (p.455)
The cerebellum is responsible for maintaining balance and posture (p.455)
The reticular formation is essential for maintaining wakefulness and in conjunction with the cerebral cortex is referred to as the reticular activating system (p.450)
The Broca speech area is rostral to the inferior edge of the premotor area on the inferior frontal gyrus. It is usually on the left hemisphere and is responsible for the motor aspects of speech. Damage to this area leads to expressive aphasia or dysphasia (p.452)
The Wernicke area is responsible for reception and interpretation of speech, and dysfunction may result in receptive aphasia or dysphasia (p.452)
The prefrontal area of the frontal lobe is responsible for goal-oriented behavior, short-term or recall memory, and the elaboration of thought and inhibition on the limbic areas of the CNS. (p.452)
2. Know the function of the arachnoid villi.
The arachnoid villi function as one-way valves directing CSF outflow into the blood but preventing blood flow into the subarachnoid space (p.461)
3. Where is the primary defect in Parkinsons disease and Huntingtons?
The inferior-most portion of the basal ganglia is the substantia nigra, which synthesizes dopamine, a neurotransmitter and precursor of norepinephrine. Its dysfunction is associated with Parkinsons disease (p.455) The basal ganglia system is believed to exert a fine-tunning effect on motor movements. Parkinsons disease and Huntingtons diseare are conditions associate with defects of the basal ganglia. (p.452)
4. What is the function of the CSF? Where is it produced? Where is it absorbed?
The function of the CSF is to protect the intracranial and spinal cord structures from jolts and blows (p. 461). It also prevents the
Emotions and behavior are controlled by the hypothalamus (p.455)
The cerebellum is responsible for maintaining balance and posture (p.455)
The reticular formation is essential for maintaining wakefulness and in conjunction with the cerebral cortex is referred to as the reticular activating system (p.450)
The Broca speech area is rostral to the inferior edge of the premotor area on the inferior frontal gyrus. It is usually on the left hemisphere and is responsible for the motor aspects of speech. Damage to this area leads to expressive aphasia or dysphasia (p.452)
The Wernicke area is responsible for reception and interpretation of speech, and dysfunction may result in receptive aphasia or dysphasia (p.452)
The prefrontal area of the frontal lobe is responsible for goal-oriented behavior, short-term or recall memory, and the elaboration of thought and inhibition on the limbic areas of the CNS. (p.452)
2. Know the function of the arachnoid villi.
The arachnoid villi function as one-way valves directing CSF outflow into the blood but preventing blood flow into the subarachnoid space (p.461)
3. Where is the primary defect in Parkinsons disease and Huntingtons?
The inferior-most portion of the basal ganglia is the substantia nigra, which synthesizes dopamine, a neurotransmitter and precursor of norepinephrine. Its dysfunction is associated with Parkinsons disease (p.455) The basal ganglia system is believed to exert a fine-tunning effect on motor movements. Parkinsons disease and Huntingtons diseare are conditions associate with defects of the basal ganglia. (p.452)
4. What is the function of the CSF? Where is it produced? Where is it absorbed?
The function of the CSF is to protect the intracranial and spinal cord structures from jolts and blows (p. 461). It also prevents the