Self Concept in Nursing Practice
SELF - CONCEPT Self-concept is the unique, dynamic and always evolving way people think about themselves. Component’s of self-concept: 1. Identity - conscious description of oneself 2. Body Image - perception of physical self: appearance, function and ability 3. Self-Esteem - personal opinion and self-worth 4. Role in Society - assumed expected behavior Factors Affecting Self - Concept
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Original 1940s version by Maslow
1990s Adapted Version
1940s MASLOW HIERARCHY OF NEEDS (MHoN)
1. Biological and Physiological needs – air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep, etc. 2. Safety needs - protection from elements, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc. 3. Belongingness and Love needs – work group, family, affection, relationships, etc. 4. Esteem needs - self-esteem, achievement, mastery, independence, status, dominance, prestige, managerial responsibility, etc. 5. Self-Actualization needs – realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences.
1990s Model based on MHoN 1. Biological and Physiological needs – air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep, etc. 2. Safety needs - protection from elements, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc. 3. Belongingness and Love needs - work group, family, affection, relationships, etc. 4. Esteem needs – self-esteem, achievement, mastery, independence, status, dominance, prestige, managerial responsibility, etc. 5. Cognitive needs - knowledge, meaning, etc. 6. Aesthetic needs – appreciation and search for beauty, balance, form, etc. 7. Self-Actualization needs - realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences. 8. Transcendence needs – helping others to achieve self actualization.
ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY
Age
Stage
Major Developmental Task
Infancy (Birth - 18months) Early Childhood (18months - 3 years) Late Childhood (3 years - 6 years) Schoolage (6 years - 12 years
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
Original 1940s version by Maslow
1990s Adapted Version
1940s MASLOW HIERARCHY OF NEEDS (MHoN)
1. Biological and Physiological needs – air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep, etc. 2. Safety needs - protection from elements, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc. 3. Belongingness and Love needs – work group, family, affection, relationships, etc. 4. Esteem needs - self-esteem, achievement, mastery, independence, status, dominance, prestige, managerial responsibility, etc. 5. Self-Actualization needs – realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences.
1990s Model based on MHoN 1. Biological and Physiological needs – air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep, etc. 2. Safety needs - protection from elements, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc. 3. Belongingness and Love needs - work group, family, affection, relationships, etc. 4. Esteem needs – self-esteem, achievement, mastery, independence, status, dominance, prestige, managerial responsibility, etc. 5. Cognitive needs - knowledge, meaning, etc. 6. Aesthetic needs – appreciation and search for beauty, balance, form, etc. 7. Self-Actualization needs - realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences. 8. Transcendence needs – helping others to achieve self actualization.
ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY
Age
Stage
Major Developmental Task
Infancy (Birth - 18months) Early Childhood (18months - 3 years) Late Childhood (3 years - 6 years) Schoolage (6 years - 12 years