PYC4808
Individual Psychology Systemic Family Therapy
John Locke - world of modernism (western culture belief system – Lockean tradition) American values
Counter-cultural
Focus is on individual Wholistic perspective:
Moves away from individual & individual problems viewed in isolation.
Relationships & relationship issues between individuals.
From this perspective:
• Linear cause/effect thinking
• Any problem is solvable if we find the answer to the question.
• Problems happens in a linear(unidirectional way) o A causes B (A→B) o A is responsible for B o B happened because of A o A did something to B, then C happened. (A→B→C) From this perspective:
• Linear casualty is not meaningful
• Focus on: o Reciprocity, recursion, shared responsibility.
• A & B exists in a relationship in which each influence the other.
• Both is equally the cause & effect in each other’s behaviour.
• A B∞
Lockean tradition sees reality:
• Reality is seen as separate from us.
• It exists outside our minds.
• Meaning comes from external experience. We are only the recipients – we recognise order; not create it.
• Realities are black/white; right/wrong How Family therapy sees reality:
• Reality is not external to us
• We m
The observer replaces the observed as the focus of attention.
Subjectivity is seen as inevitable –
The one who is observing receives, acts on participates to create his/her own reality.
Appropriate scientific methodology :
Methodology is empirical & quantitative
Knowledge is gained from experiments & observation.
Results must be measurable & objective
The subject is separate from the object of his/her observations. The observer and the observed is interdependent.
Interaction
• Noncasual
• Dialectical process with mutual influence
• Both have influence
What determines human behaviour?
Focuses on the why
Internal events / external environmental sequences.
Mind & reality exist independent from each other.
(I as
John Locke - world of modernism (western culture belief system – Lockean tradition) American values
Counter-cultural
Focus is on individual Wholistic perspective:
Moves away from individual & individual problems viewed in isolation.
Relationships & relationship issues between individuals.
From this perspective:
• Linear cause/effect thinking
• Any problem is solvable if we find the answer to the question.
• Problems happens in a linear(unidirectional way) o A causes B (A→B) o A is responsible for B o B happened because of A o A did something to B, then C happened. (A→B→C) From this perspective:
• Linear casualty is not meaningful
• Focus on: o Reciprocity, recursion, shared responsibility.
• A & B exists in a relationship in which each influence the other.
• Both is equally the cause & effect in each other’s behaviour.
• A B∞
Lockean tradition sees reality:
• Reality is seen as separate from us.
• It exists outside our minds.
• Meaning comes from external experience. We are only the recipients – we recognise order; not create it.
• Realities are black/white; right/wrong How Family therapy sees reality:
• Reality is not external to us
• We m
The observer replaces the observed as the focus of attention.
Subjectivity is seen as inevitable –
The one who is observing receives, acts on participates to create his/her own reality.
Appropriate scientific methodology :
Methodology is empirical & quantitative
Knowledge is gained from experiments & observation.
Results must be measurable & objective
The subject is separate from the object of his/her observations. The observer and the observed is interdependent.
Interaction
• Noncasual
• Dialectical process with mutual influence
• Both have influence
What determines human behaviour?
Focuses on the why
Internal events / external environmental sequences.
Mind & reality exist independent from each other.
(I as