Pathophysiology Exam 1
NUR 300 Exam #1
1. Which of the following clients is at a high risk for developing dilated cardiomyopathy?
a. A 4-year-old child born with cerebral palsy and confined to a wheelchair
b. A 44-year-old noncompliant female who forgets to take her hypertensive medications
c. A 17-year-old with a diving injury resulting in paraplegia
d. A 78-year-old patient with Alzheimer disease who received a third-degree burn following an oven fire
2. A client is experiencing muscle atrophy following 2 weeks in traction after a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following factors has most likely contributed to the atrophy of the client's muscle cells?
a. Reduced oxygen consumption and cellular function that ensures muscle cell survival
b. A reduction of skeletal muscle use secondary to the traction treatment
c. Denervation of the affected muscles during the time of traction
d. High levels of insulin and IGF-1 in the client's blood during immobilization
3. Which of the following statements by a student demonstrates a sound understanding of the cellular processes of hypertrophy and hyperplasia?
a. "Clients with cardiomyopathy undergo myocardial hypertrophy with proportional increases in cell length and width."
b. "I know that cells like neurons have little capacity for hyperplastic growth."
c. “When male patients experience 'an enlarged prostate,' they are describing a form of hypertrophy."
d. "A remaining kidney can sometimes undergo hyperplasia in response to one that has been removed."
4. A 68-year-old male client with aortic stenosis secondary to calcification of the aortic valve is receiving care. Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of this client's condition?
a. Paget disease, cancer with metastases, or excess vitamin D may have contributed to the problem.
b. Increased calcium intake over time may have contributed to the problem.
c. The client has possibly undergone damage as a result of calcification following cellular injury.
d.
1. Which of the following clients is at a high risk for developing dilated cardiomyopathy?
a. A 4-year-old child born with cerebral palsy and confined to a wheelchair
b. A 44-year-old noncompliant female who forgets to take her hypertensive medications
c. A 17-year-old with a diving injury resulting in paraplegia
d. A 78-year-old patient with Alzheimer disease who received a third-degree burn following an oven fire
2. A client is experiencing muscle atrophy following 2 weeks in traction after a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following factors has most likely contributed to the atrophy of the client's muscle cells?
a. Reduced oxygen consumption and cellular function that ensures muscle cell survival
b. A reduction of skeletal muscle use secondary to the traction treatment
c. Denervation of the affected muscles during the time of traction
d. High levels of insulin and IGF-1 in the client's blood during immobilization
3. Which of the following statements by a student demonstrates a sound understanding of the cellular processes of hypertrophy and hyperplasia?
a. "Clients with cardiomyopathy undergo myocardial hypertrophy with proportional increases in cell length and width."
b. "I know that cells like neurons have little capacity for hyperplastic growth."
c. “When male patients experience 'an enlarged prostate,' they are describing a form of hypertrophy."
d. "A remaining kidney can sometimes undergo hyperplasia in response to one that has been removed."
4. A 68-year-old male client with aortic stenosis secondary to calcification of the aortic valve is receiving care. Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of this client's condition?
a. Paget disease, cancer with metastases, or excess vitamin D may have contributed to the problem.
b. Increased calcium intake over time may have contributed to the problem.
c. The client has possibly undergone damage as a result of calcification following cellular injury.
d.