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• Nervous System Essay

  ...Nervous System Functions of the Nervous System 1. Detect changes and feel sensations 2. Initiate responses to changes 3. Organize and store information Divisions 1. Central Nervous System – brain and spinal cord 2. Peripheral Nervous System – cranial nerves and spinal nerves (relays info to/from the CNS) - Autonomic Nervous System Nerve Tissue – neurons (nerve fibers) and specialized cells (Schwann, neuroglia) 1. Neuron cell body contains the nucleus; cell bodies are in the CNS or trunk; protected by bone 2. Axon carries impulses away from the cell body; dendrites carry impulses toward it 3. Schwann cells in PNS: - Layers of cell membrane form the myelin sheath to electrically insulate neurons - nodes of Ranvier: spaces between adjacent Schwann cells - Nuclei & cytoplasm of Schwann cells form the neurolemma – essential for regeneration of damaged axons or dentrites 4. Oligodendrocytes: In CNS, form myelin sheaths - microglia phagocytize pathogens and damaged cells - astrocytes contribute to blood brain barrier and regulate localized blood flow 5. Synapse: space between axon of one neuron and dendrites or cell body of next neuron - Neurotransmitter carries the impulse across a synapse and is then destroyed by a chemical inactivator; synapses make impulses one way Types of Neurons – nerve fibers 1....

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• Essay on Nervous System

  ...NERVOUS SYSTEM The human body’s activities are regulated by two systems – the nervous system and the endocrine system. Although both systems control body functions, their methods differ. The nervous system is the body's information gatherer, storage center and control system. Its primary function is to collect information about the external conditions in relation to the body's external state, to analyze this information, and to initiate appropriate responses to satisfy certain needs; the most significant of these needs is survival. Nervous system structures vary in the animal kingdom. In lower forms of animals, we can see different types of nervous systems. Cnidarians have a network of loosely arranged nerve cells throughout their bodies, forming a nerve net. Flatworms such as planarians exhibit a rudimentary brain with nerve cords traversing the length of their bodies. Mammals have highly evolved nervous systems. They have large brains which process information and sense organs located near the brain. The human nervous system is made up of nerves, the brain, and the spinal cord. The nerves themselves do not form one single system, but several which are interrelated. Some of these are physically...

  1839  Words | 6  Pages

• Nervous System Essay

  ...Nervous System Review Sheet 1. List three functions of the nervous system and give a specific example of each. • Reception of stimuli from environment (internal or external) and relay of info to CNS (Sensory division of PNS) – e.g. Receptors in your ear send a signal to the brain when the bell rings. • Integration of stimuli to decide on a response (CNS) – e.g. Your brain receives the signal that the bell is ringing, along with signals from your eyes that tell you it is time for class to end and decides you should get up and move to your next class. • Signaling effectors to produce a response (Motor division of PNS) – e.g. Your brain sends a signal to the muscles in your legs telling them to contract so you can stand up. 2. Refer to the diagram below to answer these questions: a) Identify the parts labeled a and b and describe their functions. a = dendrites b = axon b) What is c? c = myelin sheath c) How would a signal travel through this neuron differently if c were not present? The myelin sheath is a layer of insulation. It forces the nerve impulse to leap from node to node as shown above. This allows the nerve impulse to travel much faster. If the myelin sheath were missing, the nerve impulse would travel at a much slower speed. d) What is d? Explain what happens when an action potential reaches d. The structures...

  999  Words | 4  Pages

• nervous system Essay

  ...NERVOUS SYSTEM The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, and all of the nerves that connect these organs with the rest of the body. Together, these organs are responsible for the control of the body and communication among its parts. The brain and spinal cord form the control center known as the central nervous system (CNS), where information is evaluated and decisions made. The sensory nerves and sense organs of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) monitor conditions inside and outside of the body and send this information to the CNS. Efferent nerves in the PNS carry signals from the control center to the muscles, glands, and organs to regulate their functions. Functions of the Nervous System The nervous system has 3 main functions: sensory, integration, and motor.    Sensory. The sensory function of the nervous system involves collecting information from sensory receptors that monitor the body’s internal and external conditions. These signals are then passed on to the central nervous system (CNS) for further processing by afferent neurons (and nerves).   Integration. The process of integration is the processing of the many sensory signals that are passed into the CNS at any given time. These signals are evaluated,...

  2383  Words | 4  Pages

• Essay on Nervous System

  ...Nervous System The two types of the nervous system are the Central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. They are responsible for integrating, processing, and coordinating Sensory data and motor commands the central nervous system, which interprets sensory input and carry information to maintain homeostasis. CNS can’t be regenerate because a CNS consists of the spinal cord that mean if it’s break the spinal cord is break also. The peripheral nervous system consists of the nerves that branch from the brain and spinal cord. It is a thick bundle of nerve fibers located within the spinal cord. The PNS can be regenerate and it will regrow. The brain and spinal cord are the main parts of the nervous system. The brain controls every part of your body and is located top of our head inside our skull. The spinal cord with controls our movement. Nerve cells contain 3 parts: dendrites, cell body and the axon. Dendrite is the receiving part of the neuron. It is a short extension of the cell body And send signals toward the cell body and the cell body conducts nerve impulses which in the transmission of the nerve impulses from the region to the other cell. The axon is a single extension carries the message to the next neuron, which controls all of the nerves....

  422  Words | 2  Pages

• The Nervous System Essay

  ...It is essential that the organism be able to detect stimuli in the environment and react to those stimuli. The function of the nervous system is made up of: the central nervous system composed of the brain and spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system composed of the cranial, spinal nerves and the autonomic nervous system. The nervous system works on this basic plan: The receptor picks up the stimulus and initiates an impulse along a sensory neuron which carries it into the CNS In the CNS the sensory neuron synapses with the inter neuron which in turn synapses with a motor neuron The motor neuron then carries the impulse to the effector organ (muscle or gland) causing it to react. Nervous tissue The impulse, an electrical depolarization or message passes along specialized cells of the nervous system called neurons. Neurons which carry impulses toward the CNS are called sensory or affect end neurons, while those which take the impulses away from the CNS are termed motor neurons or efferent neurons. Inter neurons lie within the CNS and conduct the impulse from the sensory to the motor neuron. The area where the two neurons meet is called a synapse which is a microscopic gap. Structure of the sensory neuron The cell body which contains the...

  303  Words | 1  Pages

• Essay on Nervous system

  ...Neurons and nervous systems Communication around the body Neurons - the basic building blocks of the nervous system, soecialised to communicate info around the body Three different types of neurons sensory neurons (afferent) : transfer info from the body to the brain Motor neurons (efferent) : transmit info from brain to the body Interneurins : communication b/w sensory and motor neurons Structure communication with a neuron Communication within neurons is an electrochemical process An electrical impulse known as an action potential (or neural impulse) is initiated by the soma and travels along the axon towards the axon terminals An action potential is an all or nothing process Peripheral nervous system The complete network of neurons located outside the central nervous system, comprising of muscles, organs and glands Carries info from sensory organs and internal organs to the CNS Conveys info from the CNS to the muscles, organs, glands It is broken into two sub-divisions Somatic nervous system Network of neuron within the body that transmits info from the receptor sites on the sense organs to the CNS and carries info from the CNS to the muscles that control movement. It controls all voluntary movement Autonomic nervous system A network of neurons that carries neural...

  378  Words | 2  Pages

• NERVOUS SYSTEM Essay

  ...The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of neurons. This system is responsible for sending, receiving, and interpreting information from all parts of the body. The nervous system monitors and coordinates internal organ function and responds to changes in the external environment. This system can be divided into two parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Let's take a look at the central nervous system. Central Nervous System The central nervous system (CNS) is the processing center for the nervous system. It receives information from and sends information to the peripheral nervous system. The two main organs of the CNS are the brain and spinal cord. The brain processes and interprets sensory information sent from the spinal cord. Both the brain and spinal cord are protected by three layers of connective tissue called the meninges. Within the central nervous system is a system of hollow cavities called ventricles. The network of linked cavities in the brain (cerebral ventricles) is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. The ventricles are filled with cerebrospinal fluid...

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