Growth and Development
OLFU – MED
2012
Pediatrics
Basic Principles of Development Factors of Growth & Development Pre-Natal development 1-9 months of development Intrauterine Nutrition 6 Mechanisms of Transplacental transfer Adaptive Mechanism of oxygenation Uterine Accomodation Organ development Sensory development Nervous system Circulatory system Respiratory system Blood Immunity Lymphatic system Digestive system Urinary system Skeletal system Muscular system Cutaneous structure
Temperament: A child’s characteristic behavioral response to internal and external stimuli 1. Easy, highly adaptable child 2. Difficult child 3. Slow-to-warm-up Psychological: Child-rearing environment, family functioning, attachment and contingency Attachment: Tendency of a young child to want to be near the parent during times of stress Contingent responsiveness: Reinforcement depending on the behavior of the other Social: Socio-economic status, family system, extended family, subculture, culture and society
Specific Objectives To define & differentiate growth & development To discuss the principles of development and its effects on the child To discuss the factors affecting growth and development To discuss prenatal and organ development Growth An increase in size & mass Quantitative Development An increase in function/skills Qualitative More complex & broader May or may not be interchangeable but actually inseparable from growth Basic Principles of Development 1. Development proceeds in an orderly and predictable sequence -- cephalocaudal direction and proximodistal 2. Development proceeds from general to specific, from the basic to the more specialized 3. Development depends on maturation and learning, on the combination of both genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) 4. Early development is more critical than later development 5. There are developmental domains, within which are developmental lines leading up to developmental tasks for the
2012
Pediatrics
Basic Principles of Development Factors of Growth & Development Pre-Natal development 1-9 months of development Intrauterine Nutrition 6 Mechanisms of Transplacental transfer Adaptive Mechanism of oxygenation Uterine Accomodation Organ development Sensory development Nervous system Circulatory system Respiratory system Blood Immunity Lymphatic system Digestive system Urinary system Skeletal system Muscular system Cutaneous structure
Temperament: A child’s characteristic behavioral response to internal and external stimuli 1. Easy, highly adaptable child 2. Difficult child 3. Slow-to-warm-up Psychological: Child-rearing environment, family functioning, attachment and contingency Attachment: Tendency of a young child to want to be near the parent during times of stress Contingent responsiveness: Reinforcement depending on the behavior of the other Social: Socio-economic status, family system, extended family, subculture, culture and society
Specific Objectives To define & differentiate growth & development To discuss the principles of development and its effects on the child To discuss the factors affecting growth and development To discuss prenatal and organ development Growth An increase in size & mass Quantitative Development An increase in function/skills Qualitative More complex & broader May or may not be interchangeable but actually inseparable from growth Basic Principles of Development 1. Development proceeds in an orderly and predictable sequence -- cephalocaudal direction and proximodistal 2. Development proceeds from general to specific, from the basic to the more specialized 3. Development depends on maturation and learning, on the combination of both genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) 4. Early development is more critical than later development 5. There are developmental domains, within which are developmental lines leading up to developmental tasks for the