Gas Exchang
Gas Exchange (4/2010)
Basic metabolism of terrestrial organisms: plants take in CO2 and H2O and relseas CH2O and O2 which mammals take in and then give off CO2 and H2O
Gas is exchanged though the opening of the stoma between two guard cells of the leaf epidermis.
Flaccid- when stoma is closed
Turgid- when stoma is open
Factors that influence stomatal diameter
enlarging stoma | reducing stoma | abundant waterabundant lightlow internal CO2 | water deficitdarknesshigh internal CO2 abscisic acid hormone |
Lenticles- opening in woody stems that exchanges gas
Invaginated respiration: gas goes inside the organism for gas exchange to occur and is not directly put in to blood system (lung)
Examples: Sea cucumber (has respiratory trees) Gastropod mollusk (simple lung) Insects (spiracles and trees) Vertebrates (lungs) Some Invertebrates
Evaginated respiration: capillary system close to the surface of a appendage or dermis can exchange gas Simple organisms can complete gas exchange through their dermis
Examples: Bristle worms Squid (gills) Fish(gills) Trochophore larva (cilia) Horse shoe crab (book gill) Scopricans (book lung)
Aquatic stage of lava (gills)
Counter-current- efficient was to maximize oxygen removal from water and blood oxygen content, when 100% o2 in water, 90% goes to blood. (birds, humans)
Concurrent- poor oxygen blood supply. when 100% of O2 in water it would only give 5% to the blood. * Countercurrents is needed because oxygen solubility is very low in water compared to in air
Some Slugs breath with a hole in their shell called a pneumostome
Chelicerata: book gills-water runs across the gills and this exchanges gas (horse shoe crab) * Book lungs- inside the body but works just like the book gills for land. * Nothing- gases diffuse through the dermis- have large surface areas (sea spiders)
Insects: have respiratory trees where the tracheoles must come in contact with ever cell in its
Basic metabolism of terrestrial organisms: plants take in CO2 and H2O and relseas CH2O and O2 which mammals take in and then give off CO2 and H2O
Gas is exchanged though the opening of the stoma between two guard cells of the leaf epidermis.
Flaccid- when stoma is closed
Turgid- when stoma is open
Factors that influence stomatal diameter
enlarging stoma | reducing stoma | abundant waterabundant lightlow internal CO2 | water deficitdarknesshigh internal CO2 abscisic acid hormone |
Lenticles- opening in woody stems that exchanges gas
Invaginated respiration: gas goes inside the organism for gas exchange to occur and is not directly put in to blood system (lung)
Examples: Sea cucumber (has respiratory trees) Gastropod mollusk (simple lung) Insects (spiracles and trees) Vertebrates (lungs) Some Invertebrates
Evaginated respiration: capillary system close to the surface of a appendage or dermis can exchange gas Simple organisms can complete gas exchange through their dermis
Examples: Bristle worms Squid (gills) Fish(gills) Trochophore larva (cilia) Horse shoe crab (book gill) Scopricans (book lung)
Aquatic stage of lava (gills)
Counter-current- efficient was to maximize oxygen removal from water and blood oxygen content, when 100% o2 in water, 90% goes to blood. (birds, humans)
Concurrent- poor oxygen blood supply. when 100% of O2 in water it would only give 5% to the blood. * Countercurrents is needed because oxygen solubility is very low in water compared to in air
Some Slugs breath with a hole in their shell called a pneumostome
Chelicerata: book gills-water runs across the gills and this exchanges gas (horse shoe crab) * Book lungs- inside the body but works just like the book gills for land. * Nothing- gases diffuse through the dermis- have large surface areas (sea spiders)
Insects: have respiratory trees where the tracheoles must come in contact with ever cell in its