Lendius – father of taxonomy
3 different effects of selection:
Stabalizing – ex. Birth weight
Disruptive – Striped guppies (b/c their parents were diff. colors) are not able to camouflage
Directional – peacock’s tail, female peacock will choose to mate with male with best/most colorful tail. But a tail too extravagent could harm against predators
Evolutionary Developmental - A large amount of genetic material is shared by a variety of species Species are largely recognized entities that are recognized cross-culturally ad are easy to differentiate
Biological species concept - All members of one species can mate with one another, and result in viable off-spring. Problems with this: 1. Asexual organisms, 2. Extinct organisms, 3. What about those hybrids?, 4. Ring species/circular overlap Ecological species concept - groups of organisms exploiting a single niche Phylogeny - Evolutionary relationships among a group of species. “family tree” -He wrote, Origin of Species, the book that Revolutionized biological science?
Charles Darwin
He read Mauthes’s work, and that’s what made it click.
LaMark, says that blacksmith’s kids will have bigger arms because their parents have big arms.
Whales pelvis’s are an example of vestigial structure.
Darwin couldn’t explain 2 things thru his explanation of natural selection: trait inheritance & variation.
Darwin’s theory for this was Pangenesis
Father or geology – Charles Lyell
Only 33% of Americans believe in evolution
Meiosis results in 4 incomplete cells, with pairs from both mom and dad.
RNA two types: messenger, transfer
Mendals Laws – law of segregation, law of independent assortment
Watson & Crick got nobel peace prize for discovering DNA
Gene – section of DNA the code for protein
Loci – location on gene where you can find alleles
Pleitropy – when a single gene effects many different traits
Ex. of founders effect – Martha’s vineyard
22 MC (answer 20)
8 short answer (answer 5)
TorF 10 (all 10)
1 essay question (Darwin)
You May Also Find These Documents Helpful
-
1) Kidneys – The left kidney is higher than the right kidney due to the position of the liver. Filters waste products of metabolism that collect in the blood. They remove waste from the blood to form urine. The kidneys maintain balance between retention and excretion of fluids ( play key role in fluid and electrolyte balance). The normal adult urine output is 1200 to 1500 ml/ day. An output less than 30 ml/hr indicates possible circulatory, blood volume or renal alterations. Erythropoietin functions within the bone marrow to stimulate RBC production and maturation. Patients with chronic kidney conditions cannot produce sufficient quantities of this hormone are prone to anemia. The kidneys affect calcium and phosphate regulation by producing a substance that converts vitamin D. Patients with chronic alteration in the kidney fuction do not make sufficient amounts of the active vitamin D. They are prone to develop renal bone disease resulting from impaired calcium absorption. Renal hormones affect blood pressure regulation, renal ischemia (decreased blood supply), and renin is released from juxtaglomerular cells. Renin functions as an enzyme to convert angiotensinogen (a substance synthesized by the liver) into angiotension1. Angiotensin 1 is converted to angiotensin 2 in the lungs. Angiotensin 2 causes vasoconstriction and stimulates aldosterone released from the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone causes retention of water, which increases blood volume. The kidneys also produce prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin, which help maintain renal blood flow through vasodilation. These mechanisms increase arterial blood pressure and renal blood flow.…
- 2853 Words
- 12 Pages
Powerful Essays -
Pryke S, Andersson S. 2004. Experimental evidence for female choice and energetic costs of male tail elongation in red-collared widowbirds. Biol J Linn Soc. 86, 35-43.…
- 1190 Words
- 4 Pages
Good Essays -
Lacasse, J., & Aubin-Horth, N. (2012). A test of the coupling of predator defense morphology and behavior variation in two threespine stickleback populations. Current Zoology, 58(1), 53-65.…
- 3141 Words
- 13 Pages
Powerful Essays -
Evidently, chickadees produce more intense “chick-a-dee” alarm call for smaller predators than larger predators. We could explore why natural selection favor this signaling behavior because producing longer D notes tend to caught more attention from the predators as well as increase the level of exposure under threat. In this way, we can understand how chickadees balance benefit and risk ratio between recruiting other birds for help while increasing their conspicuousness and exposure…
- 325 Words
- 2 Pages
Good Essays -
4. (A) I’ll ask his advice if and only if (S) I consider him to be a worthy sage.…
- 549 Words
- 12 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
|Physical Traits | Four or five irregular | large brown patches on|Long and paddle like | pale gray plumage and a| uniquely patterned coat with |…
- 682 Words
- 3 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
The birds head can change colors with its emotions, from red to pink, white, or blue.…
- 633 Words
- 3 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
* Disruptive - Many fish use their coloration to form strongly contrasting patterns that break up the outline of their body making it difficult for predators to see them at all.…
- 430 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
The test will consist of definitions, multiple choice, fill in the blank, true-false, and short essay questions. The test is worth 50 points: however there will be an additional 20% extra credit points which can be earned in place of missed points, added to a score of 50, or ignored if you don’t want to do them.…
- 267 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
Sources of error in this experiment could have been that the tanks were slightly too large which deterred the focal male from seeing the other males on each side of him. According to Paul Bronstein, the aggressive behavior in male bettas depends on the accessibility of visual cues (Bronstein,1983). It could have been possible that the focal male was unable to see and therefore react to the blue male. If the blue or red males on either side of the focal male were in opposite sides or too far away from the focal male, then it is possible that the focal male didn’t think they were present or a threat. Another source of error could have come from distractions. The room of the test was noisy and full of colors from articles of clothing and things on the wall. These factors could have swayed the behavior of the focal male and altered the…
- 639 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
Male guppies have decorative caudal and dorsal fins. Female guppies may sometimes be tossed to the side from male guppies due to their dullness in color compared to the male.…
- 630 Words
- 3 Pages
Good Essays -
Evolution, the changing of organisms to better fit their environment, is the driving force in life’s diversity. Though not widely accepted, due to religious beliefs of the origin of life on Earth, evolution is known to many scientists as the most important way to understand biology. According to Theodosius Dobzhansky, “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution.” Though this may not technically be true, this broad statement almost underwhelms the importance of evolutionary changes in every organism on the planet.…
- 450 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
Interesting Facts- When a male Chameleon find a female he wants to mate with he puts on a color show of all his best colors and if the female is…
- 392 Words
- 2 Pages
Satisfactory Essays -
* The female has light brown and grey plumage and is slightly smaller than the male.…
- 1464 Words
- 6 Pages
Good Essays -
| It signals the formation of animal group of same species, it attracts conspecifics of both sexes…
- 1455 Words
- 6 Pages
Powerful Essays