Preview

Descartes' Meditations

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
271 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Descartes' Meditations
Meditations Study Questions 1. Explain Descartes’ method of doubt. What is Descartes purpose in exercising this method?
Descartes’ method of doubt is a method of being skeptical about the truth of beliefs. It aims to find things that cannot be doubted 2. Why can’t Descartes be certain about beliefs he acquires through the evidence of the senses?
The reason why Descartes cannot be certain of beliefs he’s obtained through his senses is because senses might easily be deceived by someone else. This is where the demon comes in, whereby Descartes brings up the possibility of being fed information from an outside source that he does not know of. 3. Why can’t Descartes be certain about mathematical beliefs like the belief that 2+2=4?
The reason for this is because Descartes’ method is broken into four “steps,” in which he would break down the math problem into simpler terms that he knows is true and thus work his way up to get to 2+2=4. 4. What belief(s) does Descartes ultimately identify as indubitable? 5. Why can’t an evil deceiver deceive Descartes about his belief that he thinks?

“I think, therefore I am” is the popular saying that comes from Descartes. What Descartes means by this is that

6. How does Descartes build up from the foundation of indubitable beliefs? 7. How does Descartes argue for the existence of a good God?
Deception does not seem to line up with the universal idea that God is good. 8. Given the existence of a good God, how does Descartes justify his beliefs based on reason and on the

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    Chapters 6 And 7 Module 2

    • 1747 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Descartes's believed he could doubt everything that could be doubted, and the remainder was be the…

    • 1747 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Descartes’ arguments for his methods of doubt were things may not be as they seem based on the perception of our senses may be skewed, our dreams may lead us to believe that what we dreamed might be real and that what we know as God may be false or that God may be a demon instead.…

    • 601 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Descartes sets out on a mission to guarantee that every one of his beliefs is certain without any doubt. He considers that he should free himself of all false learning keeping in mind the end goal is to acquire any genuine information. Descartes chooses to question all that he has learned from truth in the past. He will depend on his thinking capacity to reconstruct his own particular knowledge, starting with a foundation of things which he is most sure about. Descartes declines to acknowledge anything that has any hint of doubt. His purpose behind doing such is because he genuinely trusts this is the best way to find the practical presence of something that cannot be questioned. Descartes uses a strategy in his endeavor to obtain information.…

    • 650 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Descartes first clear and indubitable proposition is “I think therefore I am.” He says that this is a clear and indubitable proposition because if you try to doubt the fact that you think, you are in fact thinking. He says, “Doubtless I did exist, if I persuaded myself of something. But there is some deceiver or other who is supremely powerful and supremely sly and who is always deliberately deceiving me. Then too there is no doubt that I exist, if he is deceiving me” (492). Descartes then uses this clear and indubitable proposition to come up with his next clear and indubitable proposition, which is that God exists. To prove this, Descartes first uses the trademark argument. This argument says, I have an idea of God. My idea of God is of a substance that…

    • 700 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Descartes v Hume

    • 1543 Words
    • 7 Pages

    In Meditation I, Descartes reflects on his past beliefs and realizes how so much that he once believed to be true was actually false. To separate what is truth from fiction; Descartes decided to completely reject anything which he can doubt at all. He wrote, “If I am able to find in each some reason to doubt, this will suffice to justify my rejecting the whole” (Descartes 4). The belief that inspired this method was that genuine truth was clear and distinct and that any doubt whatsoever could not provide absolute certainty. In essence, if any component of something was in the very least questionable, then any conclusion drawn from it would be at the most questionable. This method led Descartes to doubt practically everything he once believed, especially knowledge attained through the senses. He wrote, “All that up to the present time I have accepted as most true and…

    • 1543 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    To further understand this, we have to understand how each man came to these beliefs. Descartes came to the conclusion that he could not trust his senses due to the fact that they weren't totally reliable via a chain of reasoning that held nothing as automatically 'true'. In spite of the fact that his senses were not completely reliable, the fact that they did sense something was proof enough that material existed because that is what his physical senses were limited to.…

    • 490 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Descartes has two arguments for skepticism, the first the dream argument and then second the evil demon argument. Both examples are used to raise doubts in things that we may commonly believe to be true. It seems right to believe that if you know something then you cannot doubt that thing, but Descartes wants to be certain in every way that he does in fact know that thing. These two examples are used to bring skepticism into your knowledge of things. For example, I know that I am taking a test, but how do I know if I am not dreaming and I am home asleep, or some evil demon is deceiving me into thinking that I am taking a test when in reality I am not.…

    • 509 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Since he had previously claimed false all beliefs achieved through sensory, he now questioned whether or not this affected the concept of his own existence. In the Second Meditation he affirms: “If I convinced myself that my beliefs are false, then surely there must be an “I” that was convinced” (Descartes, phylosophypages). Moreover, he realized that he could only be fooled by a malignant demon, even regarding his existence, if he in fact existed. This leads him to the finding of his first absolute certainty: “I think, therefore I am” (Descartes, goodreads). This indubitable truth of “I exist” could effectively serve as the axiom from which his method could be built upon. He now wanted to expand his hopes for human knowledge by proving the existence of God, and therefore being certain of something other than his own…

    • 1423 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    1. If Descartes’s aim is to find certainty, why does he proceed by doubting as many things as he can?…

    • 288 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Descartes Dream Argument

    • 1816 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Descartes wishes to dismiss anything that can be doubted because he wishes to find a true foundation in which to build beliefs on. Using skepticism Descartes can find something beyond doubt to build true beliefs on. By doing so he hoped that his rationale would be accepted by the popular school of thought at the time known as “Scepticism” as well as those who, for Descartes, falsely believed in Aristotelian physics. From there Descartes can use their logic to appeal to the skeptics and ultimately persuade them away from their own mistaken beliefs at the same time. To go about doing this Descartes uses the Meditations in which a fictional meditator can illustrate the process of meditation to come to a rationalization of truth about reality. This meditator is used as a narrative illustration so that people can resonate by with the meditator by following his logical thought process and thereby use the Meditations to come to the same realizations. In doing so Descartes attempts to illustrate the most extensive logical conclusion if using skepticism properly to its most explicit nature. Particularly, that knowledge gained from sensory experience can be doubted and ultimately even thought can be nothing more than a deception. In this case, in Meditations 1, Descartes uses the dreaming argument to break down the very foundations of any and all beliefs gained via sensory experience. The First Meditation is used to begin in a position the Aristotelian philosophers would agree with by claiming that the meditators most certain beliefs come from the senses. From there he used the Meditations to subtly break down the foundations for beliefs gained by sensory experience. In doing so Descartes’ meditator is able to fend off all challengers to his skeptical argument and thus seduce people away from Aristotelian beliefs by showing that they often mislead us and can thus be doubted.…

    • 1816 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Descartes began Meditation One of his classic Meditation on First Philosophy by saying that throughout his life, he had acquired several opinions and beliefs which he later discovered to be false (17-18). The main goal of Descartes was to find a foundation on which knowledge can be built. Descartes wanted to find a certainty, which could not be doubted beyond dispute. Descartes agree with Plato that knowledge requires certainty, but reject the Platonic idea that the physical world is not knowable (Reed, Newman). What does it mean to be certainty? Descartes main aim was how to achieve this certainty. In order to achieve his aim, Descartes adopted a systematic method known as the method of doubt. The method of doubt teaches us to take our beliefs…

    • 1287 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Descartes’ argument for knowledge is based on skepticism; he doubts everything in order to find something unshakably true, concluding that the only thing we can know for sure is that “I exist”, that is, “I am a thinking thing” (Meditation 1). He believes I think, therefore I am. His premise of doubting involves asking if something is possible to be false, and if so treat it as such for the sake of argument. Descartes continues to address…

    • 550 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Descartes Argument of God

    • 1524 Words
    • 7 Pages

    To begin this argument, Descartes entertains the idea that he cannot be certain of anything in the world, that everything known to him could be the result of an evil spirit’s deception. The only assurance he finds is “Cogito Ergo Sum;” I think, therefore I must exist, at the very least, as a thinking thing at this moment in time. With this foundation, he moves on to argue that since his extensions, his imagination, and his senses can deceive him, he is a finite, limited, imperfect being. In other words, his mind is also not perfect.…

    • 1524 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Human Reason

    • 878 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Descartes doubted the senses and believed that people only knew things through the content of their mind through human reason. Descartes used logical deductive reasoning to question the certainty of the senses. He states, "I have found that these senses sometimes deceive me, and it is a matter of prudence never to confide completely in those who have deceived us even once" (Descartes 26). His basic question that he sought to find the answer for is very complex yet seems so simple when reflecting upon it.…

    • 878 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Descartes supposed that in order to obtain knowledge, there must be a method than could help find the truth and as a result he came up with his method of doubt or method of reasoning. Descartes was certain that math could be used to solve the most important problem and anything can be achieved by reasoning. According to Descartes some ideas must be acknowledged before people can be familiar with anything else. The priori knowledge is developed from reason independently without experience. An example of a priori idea would be that every event has a cause. The opposite of prior knowledge is a posterior knowledge which is an experimental knowledge developed by experiences. An example of posterior knowledge would be a shirt being white. However, Descartes believed that people were born with certain ideas. He then came across the famous “cogito” “I think, therefore I am.” The meaning of this was that he knows that he exists because he thinks. He believed that this was the same for every human, that all individuals have innate ideas. In order for people to discover these ideas, Descartes suggested that they should perform the method of reasoning. He believed that knowledge of external things was a result of the mind alone, and not the sensory. Descartes also used the method to prove the existence of God by showing that the idea “God” cannot be obtained from human experience but can only come from the actual existence of God. (Soccio…

    • 845 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics