The Diversity of American Colonial Societies: Notes
I. Chapter 17: The diversity of American colonial societies 1530-1770
18th century Choctow leader red shoes befriended French in Mississippi valley(traded deerskins for guns)became rich but English cut off French shipping so he made an alliance with the English so was murdered by French resulted in 1747 civil war of the Choctow and killed colonist and Chocktows
1.Wars,epidemics,and territorial loss but also adapted technology and politics but in the end were dominated
2.political and economic demands of Europe,new plants,animals,diseases,technology,American staple crops and other riches
3.complex colonial society: Americans,Africans,and Europeans
Societies represented by diverse cultures,slave trade,natives,and Eruopean colonizer
Those in Americas became distinct
A. The Columbian Exchange-domestic livestock,agriculture from both,old world diseases,population change=transfer of organisms and tech;experimentation
1. Demographic Changes
High death rates from disease
Central Mexico 13 million to 700,000 1521,maya and inca 75%,Brazil 50%
a. Early epidemics
Small pox in Carribean 1518
Mexico 50% died,
Measles 1530,then dipheteria, typhus,influenza,pulmonary plague
Mortalty greatest when 2 diseases at the same time
1520-1521 Cakchiquel of Guatemal(great stench of dead..)
1650 yellow fever and malaria
Slave trade brought malaria which also hurt Europeans
English and French also
1616-1617 epidemics in New England
Disease allowed Europe to settle easily
2. Transfer of Plants and Animals
European settlers brought: wheat, olives, grapes, garden vegetables
Asian and African: bananas, rice, coconut, breadfruit, sugar
Natives kept theirs but added fruits, melons, figs, onions, radishes, and greens
a. Diffusion of plants and animals
America gave:maize,potatoes,manioc,beans,squash,tomatoes,sweet potatoes,peanuts,chilies,chocolate
Led to growth of world population in 1700
More productive (calories per acre)
Livestock (cattle pig’s horse’s sheep) had
18th century Choctow leader red shoes befriended French in Mississippi valley(traded deerskins for guns)became rich but English cut off French shipping so he made an alliance with the English so was murdered by French resulted in 1747 civil war of the Choctow and killed colonist and Chocktows
1.Wars,epidemics,and territorial loss but also adapted technology and politics but in the end were dominated
2.political and economic demands of Europe,new plants,animals,diseases,technology,American staple crops and other riches
3.complex colonial society: Americans,Africans,and Europeans
Societies represented by diverse cultures,slave trade,natives,and Eruopean colonizer
Those in Americas became distinct
A. The Columbian Exchange-domestic livestock,agriculture from both,old world diseases,population change=transfer of organisms and tech;experimentation
1. Demographic Changes
High death rates from disease
Central Mexico 13 million to 700,000 1521,maya and inca 75%,Brazil 50%
a. Early epidemics
Small pox in Carribean 1518
Mexico 50% died,
Measles 1530,then dipheteria, typhus,influenza,pulmonary plague
Mortalty greatest when 2 diseases at the same time
1520-1521 Cakchiquel of Guatemal(great stench of dead..)
1650 yellow fever and malaria
Slave trade brought malaria which also hurt Europeans
English and French also
1616-1617 epidemics in New England
Disease allowed Europe to settle easily
2. Transfer of Plants and Animals
European settlers brought: wheat, olives, grapes, garden vegetables
Asian and African: bananas, rice, coconut, breadfruit, sugar
Natives kept theirs but added fruits, melons, figs, onions, radishes, and greens
a. Diffusion of plants and animals
America gave:maize,potatoes,manioc,beans,squash,tomatoes,sweet potatoes,peanuts,chilies,chocolate
Led to growth of world population in 1700
More productive (calories per acre)
Livestock (cattle pig’s horse’s sheep) had