The Maritime Revolution: Class Notes
Chapter 15 Q&A's
1. The Maritime Revolution: * Starts because of Ferdinand Magellan * Expedition to reach East Indies * Maritime era marked end of a long period. * Broadened and deepened contacts, alliances, & conflicts across ancient cultural boundaries.
2. Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450:
* Strong ships were needed * New sailing techniques * Rewards for sea travel made them worthwhile
3. The Pacific Ocean:
* Polynesians originated in Asia * They developed sea worthy canoes, Improved navigational skills, * They colonized Marquesas, settled in the Hawaiian Islands, Easter Island, New Zealand, and mainland Americas. * Gained access to sweet potatoes * Planned settling in the eastern pacific * Large double-hulled canoes allowed the transport of passengers, plants, and animals * Their success depended on the navigation skills * Population growth was hierarchical and violent
4. The Indian Ocean:
* Malayo Indonesians sailed westward and colonized Madagascar * Indian Ocean was used for trade * Rise of medieval Islam gave Indian Ocean trade a boost * It provided demand for commodities and active Muslim traders. * Indian Ocean traders operated outside the control of the empires and states they served * China grew interest in wealthy trading ports * The scale of Ming expeditions to the Indian Ocean Basin reflected imperial China's resources and importance. * Zheng He commanded the expeditions and kept records of his travels. * Chinese "treasure ships" carried rich silks, precious metals, and other valuable goods.
5. The Atlantic Ocean:
* Vikings were the greatest mariners of the Atlantic in the early middle ages. * They discovered and settled one island after another * Like Polynesians they used their knowledge of the heavens and the seas. * Vikings first settled Iceland, then Greenland. * During the
1. The Maritime Revolution: * Starts because of Ferdinand Magellan * Expedition to reach East Indies * Maritime era marked end of a long period. * Broadened and deepened contacts, alliances, & conflicts across ancient cultural boundaries.
2. Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450:
* Strong ships were needed * New sailing techniques * Rewards for sea travel made them worthwhile
3. The Pacific Ocean:
* Polynesians originated in Asia * They developed sea worthy canoes, Improved navigational skills, * They colonized Marquesas, settled in the Hawaiian Islands, Easter Island, New Zealand, and mainland Americas. * Gained access to sweet potatoes * Planned settling in the eastern pacific * Large double-hulled canoes allowed the transport of passengers, plants, and animals * Their success depended on the navigation skills * Population growth was hierarchical and violent
4. The Indian Ocean:
* Malayo Indonesians sailed westward and colonized Madagascar * Indian Ocean was used for trade * Rise of medieval Islam gave Indian Ocean trade a boost * It provided demand for commodities and active Muslim traders. * Indian Ocean traders operated outside the control of the empires and states they served * China grew interest in wealthy trading ports * The scale of Ming expeditions to the Indian Ocean Basin reflected imperial China's resources and importance. * Zheng He commanded the expeditions and kept records of his travels. * Chinese "treasure ships" carried rich silks, precious metals, and other valuable goods.
5. The Atlantic Ocean:
* Vikings were the greatest mariners of the Atlantic in the early middle ages. * They discovered and settled one island after another * Like Polynesians they used their knowledge of the heavens and the seas. * Vikings first settled Iceland, then Greenland. * During the